Fundamental Engineering
Learn core engineering relationships through working calculators, units, formula steps and live SVG explanations.
WORKING CALCULATIONS, NOT THEORY CARDS
Start with the engineering relationship you need.
Every topic opens a live calculation with selectable input units, a numerical result, calculation steps and a responsive 2D SVG visual.
MECHANICS
Mechanics
Force CalculatorCalculate force from mass and acceleration.F = m × aOpen calculator →Mass CalculatorCalculate mass from a known force and acceleration.m = F / aOpen calculator →Weight CalculatorCalculate gravitational weight from mass and local gravitational acceleration.W = m × gOpen calculator →Acceleration CalculatorCalculate acceleration from net force and mass.a = F / mOpen calculator →Momentum CalculatorCalculate linear momentum from mass and velocity.p = m × vOpen calculator →Impulse CalculatorCalculate impulse from average force and duration.J = F × ΔtOpen calculator →Work CalculatorCalculate work from force and displacement in the force direction.W = F × sOpen calculator →Power CalculatorCalculate average power from work and time.P = W / tOpen calculator →Kinetic Energy CalculatorCalculate translational kinetic energy from mass and velocity.KE = ½ × m × v²Open calculator →Efficiency CalculatorCalculate efficiency from useful output and input energy or power.η = (output / input) × 100%Open calculator →
ROTATIONAL MECHANICS
Rotational Mechanics
Fundamental Torque CalculatorCalculate torque from force and perpendicular lever arm radius.T = F × rOpen calculator →RPM CalculatorCalculate rotational speed in RPM from angular velocity.N = ω × 60 / (2π)Open calculator →Angular Velocity CalculatorCalculate angular velocity from rotational speed.ω = 2πN / 60Open calculator →Rotational Power CalculatorCalculate mechanical rotational power from torque and angular velocity.P = T × ωOpen calculator →Rotational Kinetic Energy CalculatorCalculate rotational kinetic energy from inertia and angular velocity.KE = ½ × I × ω²Open calculator →
MATERIAL MECHANICS
Material Mechanics
Stress CalculatorCalculate nominal normal stress from force and loaded area.σ = F / AOpen calculator →Strain CalculatorCalculate normal strain from change in length and original gauge length.ε = ΔL / L₀Open calculator →Young’s Modulus CalculatorCalculate elastic modulus from normal stress and strain.E = σ / εOpen calculator →Shear Modulus CalculatorCalculate shear modulus from shear stress and shear strain.G = τ / γOpen calculator →Bulk Modulus CalculatorCalculate bulk modulus from pressure change and volumetric strain.K = Δp / (ΔV / V)Open calculator →Poisson’s Ratio CalculatorCalculate Poisson’s ratio from lateral and axial strain magnitudes.ν = |εlateral / εaxial|Open calculator →Factor of Safety CalculatorCalculate a simple factor of safety from allowable strength and applied stress.n = allowable strength / applied stressOpen calculator →
PRESSURE & DENSITY
Pressure & Density
Pressure CalculatorCalculate average pressure from force and loaded area.p = F / AOpen calculator →Density CalculatorCalculate density from mass and volume.ρ = m / VOpen calculator →Specific Gravity CalculatorCalculate specific gravity from material density and reference water density.SG = ρmaterial / ρwaterOpen calculator →
KINEMATICS
Kinematics
Velocity CalculatorCalculate average velocity from displacement and elapsed time.v = s / tOpen calculator →Kinematic Acceleration CalculatorCalculate average acceleration from change in velocity and time.a = Δv / ΔtOpen calculator →Distance CalculatorCalculate distance from constant velocity and time.s = v × tOpen calculator →Time CalculatorCalculate travel time from distance and constant velocity.t = s / vOpen calculator →